Timeline: The Babyloniian Captivity

 The Babylonian captivity, or Babylonian exile, lasted for several decades. Here is a general timeline of the major events:

  1. 605 BCE: The Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II defeats the Egyptians at the Battle of Carchemish, establishing Babylonian dominance in the region.

  2. 597 BCE: Nebuchadnezzar II captures Jerusalem and deports the first wave of Israelite captives, including King Jehoiachin. This marks the beginning of the Babylonian captivity.

  3. 586 BCE: Nebuchadnezzar II destroys the city of Jerusalem and the First Temple. Many more Israelites are taken into captivity, and the majority of the population is exiled to Babylon.

  4. 562 BCE: Nebuchadnezzar II dies, and his son Amel-Marduk (also called Evil-Merodach) succeeds him as the king of Babylon.

  5. 560 BCE: Amel-Marduk is overthrown by his brother-in-law Neriglissar, who becomes the new king.

  6. 556 BCE: Neriglissar dies, and his young son Labashi-Marduk takes the throne, but his reign is short-lived.

  7. 555 BCE: Nabonidus seizes power and becomes the king of Babylon. He is known for his religious reforms, which center around the moon god Sin.

  8. 539 BCE: The Persian king Cyrus the Great conquers Babylon, ending the Babylonian Empire. Cyrus issues his decree allowing various captive peoples, including the Israelites, to return to their homelands and rebuild their temples.

  9. 538 BCE: A group of Israelite exiles, led by Zerubbabel, returns from Babylon to Jerusalem to begin the process of rebuilding the temple.

  10. 516 BCE: The Second Temple in Jerusalem is completed under the leadership of Zerubbabel.

It's important to note that these dates are approximate, as there can be variations in the historical records and different interpretations of the chronology. The Babylonian captivity is generally considered to have lasted from the initial deportation in 597 BCE until the return of the exiles and the completion of the Second Temple in 516 BCE.

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